O-rings are designed to contain thousands of pounds of pressure by creating a seal between two or more parts. O-ring measurements are defined by the inside diameter and the thickness.
There are many causes for O-Ring failure, such as pressure, friction, temperature or chemicals. The most common are:
Extrusion and Nibbling O-ring has ragged, tattered edges. These are commonly caused by pressure spikes which shear off tiny “bites” from the o-ring, or caused by clearance gaps.
Abrasion One or both sides of the o-ring appear rough and slightly flattened. Commonly caused by a contact surface that is too rough, contains grit or is too smooth to allow lubrication.
Over Compression O-ring is flattened on both sides and may have a “ring” split along its length. Commonly caused by excessive pressure or heat.
Heat Hardening O-ring has a pitted or cracked surface, and often is flattened on both sides. Caused by temperature exceeding o-ring capacity. Weather/Ozone Cracking O-ring is covered in small surface cracks. Caused by exposure to ozone, UV rays and air pollution. Excessive seal stretching causes similar cracking.
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